{"id":11524,"date":"2025-04-24T18:31:30","date_gmt":"2025-04-24T18:31:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/?p=11524"},"modified":"2025-06-04T12:22:25","modified_gmt":"2025-06-04T12:22:25","slug":"soh-state-of-health","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/cs\/articles\/soh-state-of-health\/","title":{"rendered":"SoH (State of Health)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">S rozvojem <a href=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/tag\/elektromobilita\/\">elektromobility<\/a> se st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji diskutuje o skute\u010dn\u00e9 \u017eivotnosti bateri\u00ed v elektromobilech. Jedn\u00edm z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch ukazatel\u016f jejich opot\u0159eben\u00ed je tzv. <strong>zdravotn\u00ed stav baterie<\/strong>, ozna\u010dovan\u00fd jako <strong>SoH (State of Health)<\/strong>. Tento parametr se obvykle vyjad\u0159uje v procentech a ud\u00e1v\u00e1, do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry si baterie zachovala svou p\u016fvodn\u00ed kapacitu a schopnost dod\u00e1vat v\u00fdkon ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s&nbsp;p\u016fvodn\u00edm stavem, kdy\u017e byla baterie nov\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Hodnota SoH umo\u017e\u0148uje u\u017eivatel\u016fm i v\u00fdrobc\u016fm elektromobil\u016f sledovat opot\u0159eben\u00ed baterie a rozhodovat o jej\u00edm dal\u0161\u00edm vyu\u017eit\u00ed nebo nutnosti v\u00fdm\u011bny. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm parametrem p\u0159i rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed o koupi ojet\u00e9ho elektromobilu. <strong>Hodnota SoH <\/strong><strong>m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd dopad na dojezd vozidla, dobu nab\u00edjen\u00ed i celkovou \u017eivotnost vozu.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Definice SoH<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><strong>State of Health (SoH)<\/strong> je parametr ud\u00e1van\u00fd v procentech, kter\u00fd <strong>popisuje opot\u0159eben\u00ed baterie (nebo jej\u00edho \u010dl\u00e1nku)<\/strong>. SoH je obvykle definov\u00e1no jako pom\u011br aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed kapacity baterie k jej\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00ed jmenovit\u00e9 kapacit\u011b. Pokud aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed stav baterie odpov\u00edd\u00e1 katalogov\u00fdm specifikac\u00edm nov\u00e9 baterie je SoH = 100 %.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___001.cs_.zdravotni_stav_baterie.jpg\">&nbsp;<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___001.cs_.zdravotni_stav_baterie.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-11527 size-large\" title=\"SoH (State of Health) - zdravotn\u00ed stav baterie\" src=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___001.cs_.zdravotni_stav_baterie-600x335.jpg\" alt=\"SoH (State of Health) - zdravotn\u00ed stav baterie\" width=\"600\" height=\"335\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___001.cs_.zdravotni_stav_baterie-600x335.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___001.cs_.zdravotni_stav_baterie-250x140.jpg 250w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___001.cs_.zdravotni_stav_baterie-179x100.jpg 179w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___001.cs_.zdravotni_stav_baterie-768x429.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___001.cs_.zdravotni_stav_baterie-1536x858.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___001.cs_.zdravotni_stav_baterie-800x445.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___001.cs_.zdravotni_stav_baterie.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Pokud m\u00e1 baterie <strong>SoH = 80 %<\/strong>, znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee jej\u00ed maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed kapacita klesla na 80 % p\u016fvodn\u00ed katalogov\u00e9 kapacity. To v&nbsp;praxi znamen\u00e1, \u017ee i kdy\u017e baterii <strong>pln\u011b nabijete (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/soc-state-of-charge\/\">SoC = 100 %<\/a>)<\/strong>, jej\u00ed pou\u017eiteln\u00e1 kapacita bude pouze <strong>80 % p\u016fvodn\u00ed jmenovit\u00e9 kapacity<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 nepl\u00e9st si SoH se zkratkou <a href=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/soc-state-of-charge\/\"><strong>SoC (State of Charge)<\/strong><\/a>. Zat\u00edmco SoH popisuje <strong>dlouhodob\u00e9 opot\u0159eben\u00ed baterie<\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/soc-state-of-charge\/\">SoC<\/a> vyjad\u0159uje <strong>aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed stav nabit\u00ed<\/strong> \u2013 tedy kolik energie je v dan\u00fd okam\u017eik v baterii ulo\u017eeno.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklad v\u00fdpo\u010dtu SoH:<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">nov\u00e1 baterie m\u00e1 nomin\u00e1ln\u00ed kapacitu 10 Ah<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">postupn\u011b vlivem opot\u0159eben\u00ed klesla jej\u00ed kapacita na 8 Ah<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed kapacita nyn\u00ed odpov\u00edd\u00e1 80\u202f% p\u016fvodn\u00ed hodnoty \u2192 <strong>SoH = 80\u202f%<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">jin\u00fdmi slovy: i kdy\u017e baterii pln\u011b nabijete (SoC = 100\u202f%), baterie ulo\u017e\u00ed maxim\u00e1ln\u011b <strong>8 Ah<\/strong> nam\u00edsto p\u016fvodn\u00edch <strong>10 Ah<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 byla schopna pojmout jako nov\u00e1<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___002.cs_.zdravotni_stav_baterie.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11531 size-large alignnone\" title=\"SoH (State of Health) - zdravotn\u00ed stav baterie\" src=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___002.cs_.zdravotni_stav_baterie-600x336.jpg\" alt=\"SoH (State of Health) - zdravotn\u00ed stav baterie\" width=\"600\" height=\"336\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___002.cs_.zdravotni_stav_baterie-600x336.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___002.cs_.zdravotni_stav_baterie-250x140.jpg 250w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___002.cs_.zdravotni_stav_baterie-179x100.jpg 179w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___002.cs_.zdravotni_stav_baterie-768x430.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___002.cs_.zdravotni_stav_baterie-1536x860.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___002.cs_.zdravotni_stav_baterie.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>&nbsp; <\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Pro\u010d \u010dasem hodnota SoH baterie kles\u00e1?<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Vlivem opakovan\u00e9ho nab\u00edjen\u00ed a vyb\u00edjen\u00ed, r\u016fzn\u00fdch teplotn\u00edch podm\u00ednek, st\u00e1rnut\u00ed materi\u00e1l\u016f a b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho provozn\u00edho opot\u0159eben\u00ed doch\u00e1z\u00ed postupn\u011b k degradaci baterie. Ta se projevuje zejm\u00e9na poklesem kapacity, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm vnit\u0159n\u00edho odporu a dal\u0161\u00edmi zm\u011bnami ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edmi jej\u00ed v\u00fdkon.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>Faktory ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed degradaci baterie:<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Degradace bateri\u00ed je ovlivn\u011bna \u0159adou vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch i vnit\u0159n\u00edch faktor\u016f, mezi kter\u00e9 pat\u0159\u00ed zejm\u00e9na:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>po\u010det nab\u00edjec\u00edch a vyb\u00edjec\u00edch cykl\u016f<\/strong> \u2013 \u010d\u00edm v\u00edce cykl\u016f, t\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed opot\u0159eben\u00ed<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>provozn\u00ed teploty<\/strong> \u2013 extr\u00e9mn\u00ed horko i mr\u00e1z negativn\u011b ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed \u017eivotnost baterie<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> \u2013 zp\u016fsob nab\u00edjen\u00ed a vyb\u00edjen\u00ed, frekvence pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed baterie dlouhodob\u011b na n\u00edzk\u00e9m nebo vysok\u00e9m <a href=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/soc-state-of-charge\/\">SoC<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">U <strong>elektromobil\u016f (EV)<\/strong> se nav\u00edc p\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed specifick\u00e9 faktory, kter\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed pokles SoH:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>styl j\u00edzdy<\/strong> \u2013 \u010dast\u00e9 prudk\u00e9 zrychlov\u00e1n\u00ed a brzd\u011bn\u00ed zat\u011b\u017euje baterii<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>klimatick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky<\/strong> \u2013 teplotn\u00ed extr\u00e9my nebo vlhk\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed mohou urychlit degradaci<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>dostupnost a typ nab\u00edjec\u00ed infrastruktury<\/strong> \u2013 nap\u0159. \u010dast\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed rychlonab\u00edje\u010dek m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k rychlej\u0161\u00edmu opot\u0159eben\u00ed<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a hodnocen\u00ed SoH<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed hodnoty SoH konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho vozidla z\u00e1vis\u00ed na jeho typu a v\u00fdrobci. SoH se obvykle vyhodnocuje pomoc\u00ed <strong>syst\u00e9mu spr\u00e1vy bateri\u00ed (Battery Management System, BMS)<\/strong>. Tento syst\u00e9m analyzuje parametry baterie, jako jsou:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>kapacita<\/strong> \u2013 aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed vs. jmenovit\u00e1<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>vnit\u0159n\u00ed odpor nebo impedance<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>nap\u011bt\u00ed<\/strong> p\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00fdch stavech nabit\u00ed<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>samovyb\u00edjen\u00ed<\/strong> \u2013 schopnost baterie udr\u017eet n\u00e1boj<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>po\u010det nab\u00edjec\u00edch a vyb\u00edjec\u00edch cykl\u016f<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed baterie<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>teplota p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Ka\u017ed\u00fd z t\u011bchto parametr\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt r\u016fzn\u011b v\u00e1\u017een a kombinov\u00e1n tak, aby poskytl celkov\u00fd obraz o stavu baterie. P\u0159esn\u00fd algoritmus v\u00fdpo\u010dtu SoH je \u010dasto obchodn\u00edm tajemstv\u00edm v\u00fdrobce.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Pr\u00e1h SoH a jeho v\u00fdznam<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Pr\u00e1h SoH ozna\u010duje minim\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnotu, p\u0159i kter\u00e9 je baterie je\u0161t\u011b pova\u017eov\u00e1na za vhodnou pro danou aplikaci:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>elektrick\u00e1 vozidla<\/strong>: Obvykle je pr\u00e1h SoH nastaven na 70\u201380 %. P\u0159i poklesu pod tuto hodnotu je baterie pova\u017eov\u00e1na za nevyhovuj\u00edc\u00ed, proto\u017ee nedok\u00e1\u017ee stabiln\u011b dod\u00e1vat po\u017eadovan\u00fd v\u00fdkon.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>kritick\u00e9 aplikace<\/strong>: Nap\u0159\u00edklad v l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt minim\u00e1ln\u00ed SoH nastaven na 90 % nebo v\u00edce, proto\u017ee stabilita a spolehlivost baterie je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Pokud SoH klesne pod stanoven\u00fd pr\u00e1h, baterie se bu\u010f recykluje, nebo je pou\u017eita pro m\u00e9n\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 aplikace (nap\u0159\u00edklad skladov\u00e1n\u00ed energie v dom\u00e1cnostech).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SoH (State of Health) ozna\u010duje celkov\u00fd technick\u00fd stav baterie nebo jej\u00edho \u010dl\u00e1nku. Vyjad\u0159uje pom\u011br mezi aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed kapacitou a p\u016fvodn\u00ed katalogovou kapacitou nov\u00e9 baterie. Jinak \u0159e\u010deno, SoH ud\u00e1v\u00e1 m\u00edru opot\u0159eben\u00ed baterie. Tento ukazatel je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed stavu baterie u ojet\u00e9ho elektromobilu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11559,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","rop_custom_images_group":[],"rop_custom_messages_group":[],"rop_publish_now":"initial","rop_publish_now_accounts":{"facebook_10217573569066608_119527941460186":"","twitter_308591058_308591058":""},"rop_publish_now_history":[],"rop_publish_now_status":"pending","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"two_page_speed":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,1473,50,678,29,4],"tags":[824,1409],"class_list":["post-11524","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezarazene","category-elektromobilita","category-elektrotechnika","category-pojmy","category-zkratky-a-pojmy","category-casti-automobilu","tag-baterie","tag-elektromobilita"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>SoH (State of Health) - autolexicon.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"SoH (State of Health) ozna\u010duje celkov\u00fd technick\u00fd stav baterie nebo jej\u00edho \u010dl\u00e1nku. 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