{"id":2365,"date":"2016-05-24T00:57:21","date_gmt":"2016-05-24T00:57:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wordpress.autolexicon.net\/?p=2365"},"modified":"2024-01-30T14:28:02","modified_gmt":"2024-01-30T14:28:02","slug":"emisni-norma-euro","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/cs\/articles\/emisni-norma-euro\/","title":{"rendered":"Emisn\u00ed norma EURO"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

EURO je z\u00e1vazn\u00e1 emisn\u00ed norma stanovuj\u00edc\u00ed limitn\u00ed hodnoty v\u00fdfukov\u00fdch exhalac\u00ed<\/a>. Emisn\u00ed norma EURO omezuje mno\u017estv\u00ed oxidu uhelnat\u00e9ho (CO), uhlovod\u00edk\u016f (HC), oxid\u016f dus\u00edku (NOx) a mno\u017estv\u00ed pevn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic (PM). Hodnoty se uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed v miligramech na ujet\u00fd kilometr.<\/strong> Tyto \u010dty\u0159i l\u00e1tky v\u0161ak nejsou jedin\u00e9, kter\u00e9 automobil do ovzdu\u0161\u00ed vypou\u0161t\u00ed. Je zde nap\u0159. oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd, kter\u00fd je \u010dasto zmi\u0148ov\u00e1n v souvislosti s glob\u00e1ln\u00edm oteplov\u00e1n\u00edm a celkov\u011b je to velmi medializovan\u00e1 l\u00e1tka, norma EURO v\u0161ak mno\u017estv\u00ed CO2<\/sub> v\u016fbec ne\u0159e\u0161\u00ed!<\/strong> Ve v\u00fdfukov\u00fdch plynech jsou d\u00e1le obsa\u017eeny rovn\u011b\u017e sirn\u00e9 slou\u010deniny atd. \u2013 slo\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdfukov\u00fdch plyn\u016f<\/a> naleznete zde.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zaveden\u00ed nov\u00e9 generace emisn\u00ed normy EURO v\u0161ak nen\u00ed jednor\u00e1zov\u00e1 akce. Nov\u011b nastupuj\u00edc\u00ed norma se logicky t\u00fdk\u00e1 nejprve model\u016f nov\u011b p\u0159edstaven\u00fdch na evropsk\u00e9m trhu (nap\u0159. pro EURO 6 byl stanoven term\u00edn 1. 9. 2014). Vozy, kter\u00e9 do t\u00e9 doby vstoup\u00ed do prodeje, nemus\u00ed nov\u011b nastupuj\u00edc\u00ed emisn\u00ed normu spl\u0148ovat!<\/strong> Nutno v\u0161ak \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina renomovan\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f nov\u011b p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed emisn\u00ed normu EURO spl\u0148uje s p\u0159edstihem. Majitel\u00e9 star\u0161\u00edch voz\u016f mohou z\u016fstat v klidu, t\u011bch se nov\u00e9 p\u0159edpisy net\u00fdkaj\u00ed.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159ehled limit\u016f jednotliv\u00fdch emisn\u00edch norem EURO:<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Rok\/norma<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nCO<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

[g\/km]<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n

NOX<\/sub><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

[g\/km]<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n

HC + NOX<\/sub><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

[g\/km]<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n

HC<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

[g\/km]<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n

P\u010c<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

[g\/km]<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

1992<\/span><\/td>\nI<\/span><\/td>\n3,16<\/span><\/td>\n3,16<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n1,13<\/span><\/td>\n1,13<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n0,18<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1996<\/span><\/td>\nII<\/span><\/td>\n2,20<\/span><\/td>\n1,00<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n0,50<\/span><\/td>\n0,70*<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n0,08**<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2000<\/span><\/td>\nIII<\/span><\/td>\n2,30<\/span><\/td>\n0,64<\/span><\/td>\n0,15<\/span><\/td>\n0,50<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n0,56<\/span><\/td>\n0,20<\/span><\/td>\n0,05<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2005<\/span><\/td>\nIV<\/span><\/td>\n1,00<\/span><\/td>\n0,50<\/span><\/td>\n0,08<\/span><\/td>\n0,25<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n0,30<\/span><\/td>\n0,10<\/span><\/td>\n0,025<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2009<\/span><\/td>\nV<\/span><\/td>\n1,00<\/span><\/td>\n0,50<\/span><\/td>\n0,06<\/span><\/td>\n0,18<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n0,23<\/span><\/td>\n0,10<\/span><\/td>\n0,005<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2014<\/span><\/td>\nVI<\/span><\/td>\n1,00<\/span><\/td>\n0,50<\/span><\/td>\n0,06<\/span><\/td>\n0,08<\/span><\/td>\n–<\/span><\/td>\n0,17<\/span><\/td>\n0,10<\/span><\/td>\n0,005<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

BENZ\u00cdNOV\u00c9 MOTORY<\/strong><\/span>, NAFTOV\u00c9 MOTORY<\/strong>
\n* 0,90 pro motory s p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00edm paliva
\n** 0,10 pro motory s p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00edm paliva<\/span><\/p>\n

\"cs_emisni_norma_euro_001\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Jak zkou\u0161ka prob\u00edh\u00e1:<\/strong>
\nAby vozidlo splnilo platnou emisn\u00ed zkou\u0161ku EURO, mus\u00ed se podrobit \u0161esti z\u00e1kladn\u00edm zkou\u0161k\u00e1m. Sedm\u00e1 zkou\u0161ka je test funkce OBD<\/a>. Jednotliv\u00e9 zkou\u0161ky jsou podrobn\u011b pops\u00e1ny v p\u0159edpise \u010d. 83 EHK\/OSN<\/strong> \u2013 Jednotn\u00e1 ustanoven\u00ed pro schvalov\u00e1n\u00ed vozidel z hlediska emis\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e1tek podle po\u017eadavku na motorov\u00e9 palivo<\/em>. Pro v\u00edce detailn\u00edch informac\u00ed o jednotliv\u00fdch podtestech si p\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte \u0161ed\u00fd r\u00e1me\u010dek.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zkou\u0161ka typu I<\/strong>
\nJedn\u00e1 se o st\u011b\u017eejn\u00ed zkou\u0161ku, kter\u00e1 ov\u011b\u0159uje v\u00fdfukov\u00e9 emise vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed po <\/strong>studen\u00e9m startu<\/strong><\/a>. Postupy a podm\u00ednky zkou\u0161ky jsou p\u0159esn\u011b ur\u010deny p\u0159edpisem \u010d. 83 EHK\/OSN. Tento p\u0159edpis mimo jin\u00e9 ur\u010duje: podm\u00ednky okol\u00ed, n\u00e1roky na zku\u0161ebn\u00ed vozidlo, pou\u017eit\u00e9 palivo, nastaven\u00ed vozidla p\u0159i zkou\u0161ce atd. M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed prob\u00edh\u00e1 za laboratorn\u00edch podm\u00ednek na tzv. vozidlov\u00e9m dynamometru (lidov\u011b brzd\u011b). Samotn\u00fd postup zkou\u0161ky emis\u00ed je rozd\u011blen do dvou z\u00e1kladn\u00edch cykl\u016f: m\u011bstsk\u00fd a mimom\u011bstsk\u00fd.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"cs_emisni_norma_euro_002\"<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st zkou\u0161ky zahrnuje \u010dty\u0159i z\u00e1kladn\u00ed m\u011bstsk\u00e9 cykly<\/strong> a trv\u00e1 780 sekund. Pr\u016fb\u011bh zrychlen\u00ed a hodnota dosahovan\u00fdch rychlost\u00ed je patrn\u00e1 z grafu naho\u0159e. Je dobr\u00e9 si v\u0161imnout, \u017ee vozidlo 12x zastav\u00ed, b\u011bhem cel\u00e9ho m\u011bstsk\u00e9ho cyklu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pouze t\u0159i rychlostn\u00ed stupn\u011b<\/strong>. Nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u201ekopec\u201c v grafu p\u0159edstavuje kr\u00e1tkou j\u00edzdu pouze na jedni\u010dku, n\u00e1sleduje j\u00edzda 1-2, nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u201ekopec\u201c v m\u011bstsk\u00e9m cyklu je j\u00edzda na 1-2-3. Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 rychlost v m\u011bstsk\u00e9m cyklu je 19 km\/h a ujet\u00e1 vzd\u00e1lenost je 1 kilometr.<\/span><\/p>\n

Druh\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st zkou\u0161ky simuluje mimom\u011bstsk\u00fd provoz<\/strong> a trv\u00e1 400 sekund. B\u011bhem tohoto testu automobil zrychluje z klidu a\u017e na doslova chvilkovou rychlost 120 km\/h. Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 rychlost v tomto testu je 62,4 km\/h a ujet\u00e1 vzd\u00e1lenost 6,955 km.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na tomto m\u00edst\u011b je t\u0159eba upozornit na to, jak m\u00e1lo m\u00e1 takov\u00fdto cyklus spole\u010dn\u00e9ho s realitou!<\/strong> Jen pro p\u0159\u00edklad uve\u010fme, \u017ee aerodynamick\u00fd odpor<\/a> roste s druhou mocninou rychlosti. Co\u017e mimo jin\u00e9 znamen\u00e1, \u017ee p\u0159i rychlosti 120 km\/h bude \u010dty\u0159n\u00e1sobn\u00fd oproti 60 km\/h. Nehled\u011b na mo\u017enosti, kter\u00fdmi v\u00fdrobci m\u00e9n\u011b \u010di v\u00edce leg\u00e1ln\u011b obch\u00e1z\u00ed regul\u00e9rnost u\u017e tak dost zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00edho testu – Dieselgate.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zkou\u0161ka typu II
\n<\/strong>Zkou\u0161ka emis\u00ed oxidu uhelnat\u00e9ho a uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho p\u0159i volnob\u011b\u017en\u00fdch ot\u00e1\u010dk\u00e1ch. M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed se prov\u00e1n\u00ed na zah\u0159\u00e1t\u00e9m motoru.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zkou\u0161ka typu III<\/strong>
\nM\u011b\u0159en\u00ed tlaku v klikov\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00edni, vyhovuj\u00edc\u00ed vozidlo mus\u00ed m\u00edt za uveden\u00fdch podm\u00ednek tlak v klikov\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00edni ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e je atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fd.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zkou\u0161ka typu IV<\/strong>
\nM\u011b\u0159en\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed vypa\u0159en\u00fdch uhlovod\u00edk\u016f z vozidel se z\u00e1\u017eehov\u00fdmi motory. Zah\u0159\u00e1t\u00e9 a zab\u011bhnut\u00e9 vodidlo (najeto min. 3000 km) se m\u011b\u0159\u00ed 24 hodin v uzav\u0159en\u00e9m prostoru.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zkou\u0161ka typu V<\/strong>
\nZkou\u0161ka \u017eivotnosti za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s ohledem na zne\u010di\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159i t\u00e9to zkou\u0161ce m\u00e1 vozidlo ujet\u00fdch 80 000 km na zku\u0161ebn\u00ed dr\u00e1ze, silnici nebo vozidlov\u00e9m dynamometru. Zp\u016fsob opot\u0159eben\u00ed vol\u00ed v\u00fdrobce. N\u00e1sledn\u011b se v r\u016fzn\u00fdch re\u017eimech pom\u011bru vzduchu a paliva hodnot\u00ed emisn\u00ed zp\u016fsobilost vozidla.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zkou\u0161ka typu VI<\/strong>
\nZkou\u0161ka vyhodnocuje mno\u017estv\u00ed emis\u00ed oxidu uhelnat\u00e9ho a uhlovod\u00edk\u016f po studen\u00e9m startu<\/a> za n\u00edzk\u00e9 teploty, -7\u00b0C.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zkou\u0161ka OBD<\/strong><\/span>
\nZkou\u0161ka se prov\u00e1d\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b simulace chybn\u00e9 funkce sou\u010d\u00e1sti \u0159\u00eddic\u00ed jednotky<\/a> motoru nebo syst\u00e9mu regulace emis\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b cyklu zkou\u0161ky typu I. Vozidlo mus\u00ed b\u00fdt \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b stabilizov\u00e1no a syst\u00e9m OBD<\/a> mus\u00ed reagovat odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm zp\u016fsobem na chybnou funkci.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Historie:<\/strong><\/span>
\nPrvn\u00ed emisn\u00ed norma zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se mno\u017estv\u00edm v\u00fdfukov\u00fdch zplodin vznikla v Kalifornii v roce 1968<\/strong>. Na star\u00e9m kontinentu za\u010dala platit prvn\u00ed evropsk\u00e1 emisn\u00ed norma a\u017e v roce 1971 \u2013 EHK 15. Prvn\u00ed emisn\u00ed norma s ozna\u010den\u00edm EURO se objevila a\u017e v roce 1992<\/strong>. Od t\u00e9 doby t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 pravideln\u011b, ka\u017ed\u00e9 \u010dty\u0159i roky, vyjde nov\u00e1 emisn\u00ed norma EURO. S ka\u017edou novou generac\u00ed emisn\u00ed normy EURO se sni\u017euj\u00ed emisn\u00ed limity \u0161kodliv\u00fdch l\u00e1tek ve v\u00fdfukov\u00fdch plynech. \u010c\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed je \u010d\u00edslo normy, t\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed je jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsnost (ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed limity). V roce 2014 vstoupila v platnost zat\u00edm posledn\u00ed platn\u00e1 verze – emisn\u00ed norma Euro 6.<\/span><\/p>\n

Emisn\u00ed norma Euro 3<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 vstoupila v platnost koncem roku 2000, byla do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry p\u0159elomov\u00e1. P\u0159inesla toti\u017e krom\u011b pravideln\u00e9ho sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed limit\u016f \u0161kodliv\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic taky povinnost vybavit nov\u011b vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00e9 benz\u00ednov\u00e9 automobily syst\u00e9mem palubn\u00ed diagnostiky<\/strong> OBD<\/strong><\/a>. Pro naftov\u00e9 motory p\u0159i\u0161la tato povinnost a\u017e s normou EURO 4. Dal\u0161\u00ed novinkou normy EURO 3 bylo, \u017ee limity pro oxidy dus\u00edku a uhlovod\u00edku, kter\u00e9 dosud byly br\u00e1ny dohromady<\/strong>, byly odd\u011bleny na samostatn\u00e9 hodnoty.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00edte, \u017ee:
\nJak zjist\u00edm, jakou normu m\u016fj motor spl\u0148uje?<\/em><\/strong><\/span>
\nV \u010desk\u00e9m technick\u00e9m pr\u016fkazu zat\u00edm p\u0159\u00edmo uvedenou normu EURO nenajdete. Najdete zde v\u0161ak \u00fadaj o norm\u011b EHK (nap\u0159. Euro 3 = EHK 83.05). Normu EURO pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pouze zem\u011b Evropsk\u00e9 unie, ale \u010cesk\u00e1 republika do EU vstoupila a\u017e v roce 2003. V N\u011bmecku je situace daleko jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed. Emisn\u00ed normu, kterou motor spl\u0148uje, najdete p\u0159\u00edmo v technick\u00e9m pr\u016fkazu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Plat\u00ed emisn\u00ed normy EURO i pro n\u00e1kladn\u00ed automobily?
\n<\/em><\/strong>Stejn\u011b jako vozidla i emisn\u00ed norma EURO je rozd\u011blena na kategorie. Normy pro osobn\u00ed vozidla a lehk\u00e9 u\u017eitkov\u00e9 automobily jsou \u010d\u00edslov\u00e1ny arabsk\u00fdmi \u010d\u00edslicemi. Pro t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 n\u00e1kladn\u00ed auta a autobusy se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslice.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Foto\/zdroj: <\/strong>archiv<\/span>
\nKl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova: <\/strong>Emisn\u00ed norma, Euro, emise<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Emisn\u00ed norma Euro platn\u00e1 v zem\u00edch Evropsk\u00e9 unie stanovuje limitn\u00ed hodnoty v\u00fdfukov\u00fdch exhalac\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7458,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","rop_custom_images_group":[],"rop_custom_messages_group":[],"rop_publish_now":"initial","rop_publish_now_accounts":{"facebook_10217573569066608_119527941460186":"","twitter_308591058_308591058":""},"rop_publish_now_history":[],"rop_publish_now_status":"pending","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"two_page_speed":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,533,29],"tags":[1413,503,81,82],"class_list":["post-2365","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezarazene","category-ekologie-zkratky-a-pojmy","category-zkratky-a-pojmy","tag-co2","tag-emisni-norma","tag-euro","tag-emise"],"yoast_head":"\nEmisn\u00ed norma EURO - autolexicon.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/cs\/articles\/emisni-norma-euro\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Emisn\u00ed norma EURO - autolexicon.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Emisn\u00ed norma Euro platn\u00e1 v zem\u00edch Evropsk\u00e9 unie stanovuje limitn\u00ed hodnoty v\u00fdfukov\u00fdch exhalac\u00ed.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/cs\/articles\/emisni-norma-euro\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"autolexicon.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/autolexicon.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-05-24T00:57:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-01-30T14:28:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/cs_emisni_norma_euro_001.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"717\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"416\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Ing. 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