{"id":2796,"date":"2016-07-09T00:16:17","date_gmt":"2016-07-09T00:16:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wordpress.autolexicon.net\/?p=2796"},"modified":"2016-08-10T09:19:28","modified_gmt":"2016-08-10T09:19:28","slug":"lpg-liquefied-petroleum-gas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/cs\/articles\/lpg-liquefied-petroleum-gas\/","title":{"rendered":"LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas)"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Zkratka LPG poch\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0anglick\u00e9ho L<\/strong>iquefied P<\/strong>etroleum G<\/strong>as, co\u017e v\u00a0p\u0159ekladu znamen\u00e1 zkapaln\u011bn\u00fd ropn\u00fd plyn<\/strong>. LPG je sm\u011bs propanu a butanu. Tento plyn vznik\u00e1 p\u0159i rafinaci ropy nebo se z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00a0metanu v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu t\u011b\u017eby zemn\u00edho plynu<\/a>. Ochlazen\u00edm \u010di stla\u010den\u00edm se n\u00e1sledn\u011b zkapal\u0148uje, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se dos\u00e1hne 260 kr\u00e1t men\u0161\u00edho objemu. LPG se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed alternativa benz\u00ednu.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\"\"<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0 \"\"<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00fdhody LPG:<\/strong>
\n– ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed cena za ujet\u00fd km, d\u00edky n\u00edzk\u00e9 cen\u011b LPG
\n<\/span>– del\u0161\u00ed \u017eivotnost motorov\u00e9ho oleje, nevytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed se karbonov\u00e9 usazeniny
\n<\/span>– ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed emise v\u00fdfukov\u00fdch plyn\u016f<\/a>
\n<\/span>– dv\u011b n\u00e1dr\u017ee = zv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed dojezd vozidla
\n<\/span>– sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed hlu\u010dnosti motoru
\n<\/span>– zamezen\u00ed zcizen\u00ed pohonn\u00fdch hmot
\n<\/span>– vozidla na LPG, CNG<\/a> a hybridn\u00ed pohony<\/a> neplat\u00ed silni\u010dn\u00ed da\u0148<\/span>
\n– v\u00fdhody proti alternativn\u00edmu pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/strong> CNG<\/a><\/strong>:<\/strong> n\u00e1dr\u017ee zaberou m\u00e9n\u011b m\u00edsta ve vozidle; hust\u0161\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 \u010derpac\u00edch stanic; \u0161irok\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165 servis\u016f LPG; levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed servis; LPG nesni\u017euje v\u00fdkon motoru<\/span><\/p>\n

Nev\u00fdhody LPG:
\n– <\/strong><\/span>po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed investice za po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a schv\u00e1len\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed do vozidla
\n– <\/span>zmen\u0161en\u00ed zavazadlov\u00e9ho prostoru (neplat\u00ed p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1doby m\u00edsto rezervn\u00edho kola)
\n– <\/span>sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdkonu motoru (asi o 5% – neplat\u00ed pro sekven\u010dn\u00ed vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed LPG)
\n– <\/span>zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed spot\u0159eby paliva (asi o 10%)
\n– <\/span>pravideln\u00e9 servisn\u00ed prohl\u00eddky
\n– <\/span>parkov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0podzemn\u00edch gar\u00e1\u017e\u00edch
\n– <\/span><\/span>nev\u00fdhody proti alternativn\u00edmu pou\u017eit\u00ed CNG<\/a>:<\/strong> nest\u00e1l\u00e1 kvalita plynu; riziko exploze \u010di \u00faniku; sez\u00f3nn\u00ed v\u00fdkyvy ceny plynu<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd automobil na LPG m\u00e1 tlakovou n\u00e1dr\u017e opat\u0159enou v\u00edce\u00fa\u010delov\u00fdm ventilem a plynot\u011bsnou schr\u00e1nkou. N\u00e1dr\u017ee rozd\u011blujeme na v\u00e1lcov\u00e9 a toroidn\u00ed, ocelov\u00e9 a kompozitn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bezpe\u010dnost plynov\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ee je zaji\u0161t\u011bna n\u011bkolika podm\u00ednkami:<\/span><\/strong>
\n– plynov\u00fd ventil uzav\u00edr\u00e1 n\u00e1dr\u017e p\u0159i vypnut\u00e9m zapalov\u00e1n\u00ed
\n– <\/span>pln\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee do max. 80% obsahu
\n– <\/span>zastaven\u00ed toku paliva p\u0159i \u00faniku nad 6 litr\u016f za minutu (p\u0159i poru\u0161e potrub\u00ed)
\n– <\/span>vypu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed plynu p\u0159i p\u0159etlaku nad 27 bar
\n– <\/span>ru\u010dn\u00ed uzav\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edvodu plynu do n\u00e1dr\u017ee a k p\u0159\u00edpojce d\u00e1lkov\u00e9ho pln\u011bn\u00ed
\n– t<\/span>epeln\u00e1 pojistka odpust\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b po\u017e\u00e1ru plyn z\u00a0n\u00e1dr\u017ee<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

… d\u00e1 se tedy \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee plynov\u00e1 n\u00e1dr\u017e je v\u00edce zaji\u0161t\u011bna ne\u017e klasick\u00e1 benz\u00ednov\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
5 z\u00e1kladn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f:
\nSyst\u00e9m s centr\u00e1ln\u00edm sm\u011b\u0161ova\u010dem<\/strong> \u2013 je ur\u010den\u00fd pro vozidla s\u00a0karbur\u00e1torem, kter\u00e1 si vysta\u010d\u00ed s jednoduch\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem s centr\u00e1ln\u00edm sm\u011b\u0161ova\u010dem.
\nSekven\u010dn\u00ed vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed LPG<\/strong> \u2013 je zat\u00edm nejlep\u0161\u00ed a nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed syst\u00e9mem ur\u010den\u00fd pro modern\u00ed automobily. Vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed je \u0159\u00edzeno elektronicky pro ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u00e1lec zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165. U tohoto syst\u00e9mu b\u00fdv\u00e1 spot\u0159eba i v\u00fdkon motoru nejbl\u00ed\u017ee klasick\u00e9mu provozu na benz\u00edn.
\nSekven\u010dn\u00ed vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed LPG pro motory s\u00a0p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00edm<\/strong> – za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pracuje na stejn\u00e9m principu jako sekven\u010dn\u00ed vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed plynu, jen software \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed jednotky je vytvo\u0159en\u00fd p\u0159\u00edmo od v\u00fdrobce a nastaven p\u0159\u00edmo pro dan\u00fd typ a k\u00f3d motoru. Syst\u00e9m funguje tak, \u017ee vst\u0159ikuje kombinovan\u011b benz\u00edn-plyn v\u00a0dan\u00e9m pom\u011bru tak, \u017ee nap\u0159. po ka\u017ed\u00e9m sedm\u00e9m vst\u0159\u00edknut\u00ed paliva LPG n\u00e1sleduje vst\u0159\u00edknut\u00ed benz\u00ednu. D\u011bje se tak z d\u016fvodu chlazen\u00ed vst\u0159ikova\u010de benz\u00ednu um\u00edstn\u011bn\u00e9ho v hlav\u011b v\u00e1lc\u016f. Nev\u00fdhodou je, \u017ee p\u0159i provozu na LPG se spot\u0159ebov\u00e1v\u00e1 i benz\u00edn a to podle stylu j\u00edzdy od 10 do 30%.
\nSekven\u010dn\u00ed vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed kapaln\u00e9 f\u00e1ze LPG<\/strong> \u2013 syst\u00e9m vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 vlastn\u00edch vst\u0159ikova\u010d\u016f, kter\u00e9 vst\u0159ikuj\u00ed kapaln\u00e9 LPG palivo do sac\u00edho potrub\u00ed motoru. Funguje stejn\u011b jako sekven\u010dn\u00ed vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed plynu, jen se nepou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159edeh\u0159evu LPG, ale palivo je dopravov\u00e1no do motoru pomoc\u00ed \u010derpadla um\u00edstn\u011bn\u00e9ho v plynov\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ei. Velkou nev\u00fdhodou je vysok\u00e1 cena syst\u00e9mu. Tento princip je tak\u00e9 v\u00edce ne\u017e jin\u00e9 citliv\u00fd na kvalitu paliva LPG.
\nVst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed kapaln\u00e9 f\u00e1ze LPG<\/strong> – \u00a0zat\u00edm nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed syst\u00e9m vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed paliva do motoru funguj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159es origin\u00e1ln\u00ed benz\u00ednov\u00e9 vst\u0159ikova\u010de motoru. Cel\u00fd syst\u00e9m \u0159\u00edd\u00ed origin\u00e1ln\u00ed benz\u00ednov\u00e1 \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed jednotka motoru. Tento syst\u00e9m je ur\u010den p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro motory s p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00edm benz\u00ednu do hlavy v\u00e1lc\u016f (ozna\u010den\u00ed FSI<\/a>, GDI<\/a>, THP<\/a>, apod.).<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Omezen\u00ed automobil\u016f na LPG:<\/strong><\/span>
\nParkov\u00e1n\u00ed
\n<\/strong><\/span>Jeliko\u017e je LPG t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e vzduch, p\u0159i \u00faniku se hromad\u00ed u zem\u011b. Z\u00a0toho d\u016fvodu maj\u00ed automobily na LPG zak\u00e1zan\u00fd vjezd do v\u011bt\u0161iny podzemn\u00edch gar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed. Od podzimu 2011 sice u\u017e absolutn\u00ed z\u00e1kaz parkov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0podzemn\u00edch gar\u00e1\u017e\u00edch neplat\u00ed<\/strong>, ale gar\u00e1\u017e v\u00a0takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b mus\u00ed b\u00fdt vybavena detektory \u00faniku plynu (co\u017e plat\u00ed i pro p\u0159\u00edjezdovou komunikaci) a \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdm odv\u011btr\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm. To je ov\u0161em pro provozovatele v\u00fdrazn\u011b dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed investice ne\u017e koup\u011b cedule s\u00a0p\u0159e\u0161krtnut\u00fdmi p\u00edsmeny LPG.<\/span>
\nPovinn\u00e9 prohl\u00eddky
\n<\/strong><\/span>Ten, kdo je\u0161t\u011b nevlastn\u00ed v\u016fz na LPG, mo\u017en\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b nev\u00ed, \u017ee mus\u00ed na revizi palivov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu<\/strong> v\u017edy po 100 tis\u00edc\u00edch kilometrech nebo po roce. Prohl\u00eddka oby\u010dejn\u011b stoj\u00ed cca 600,- K\u010d. Nav\u00edc po ujet\u00fdch 60 \u2013 80 tis\u00edc\u00edch plat\u00ed povinnost repasovat reduktor v\u010detn\u011b tvrzen\u00fdch membr\u00e1n. Vozidlo na LPG mus\u00ed b\u00fdt nav\u00edc ozna\u010deno n\u00e1lepkou s\u00a0p\u00edsmeny LPG. Neozna\u010den\u00ed takov\u00e9ho vozidla je nespln\u011bn\u00edm technick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek pro provoz na pozemn\u00edch komunikac\u00edch a \u0159idi\u010di takov\u00e9ho vozidla hroz\u00ed pokuta do v\u00fd\u0161e dvou tis\u00edc korun!<\/span>
\nOmezen\u00e1 \u017eivotnost
\n<\/strong><\/span>P\u0159i koupi plynov\u00e9 ojetiny dejte pozor na to, \u017ee tlakov\u00e1 n\u00e1dr\u017e v\u010detn\u011b v\u00edce\u00fa\u010delov\u00e9ho ventilu i plynot\u011bsn\u00e9 schr\u00e1nky se mus\u00ed vym\u011bnit ji\u017e po deseti letech. Tento z\u00e1sah p\u0159ijde na cca 8 000,- K\u010d.<\/span>
\nObsluha u \u010derpac\u00ed stanice
\n<\/strong><\/span>V\u00a0zahrani\u010d\u00ed je p\u0159i \u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed LPG b\u011b\u017en\u00fd samoobslu\u017en\u00fd provoz. V\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice v\u0161ak mus\u00ed podle p\u0159edpis\u016f tankovat LPG a CNG pouze pro\u0161kolen\u00e1 osoba!<\/strong> \u0158idi\u010d, kter\u00fd si chce tankovat s\u00e1m a ne\u010dekat na obsluhu, mus\u00ed nejprve absolvovat \u0161kolen\u00ed u prodejce plynu, na jeho\u017e z\u00e1klad\u011b z\u00edsk\u00e1 z\u00e1kaznickou karti\u010dku a s tou pak m\u016f\u017ee \u010derpat palivo s\u00e1m. Pokud budete n\u011bkde tankovat sami, v\u017edy pou\u017eijte rukavice a dejte pozor na mo\u017enost pop\u00e1len\u00ed poko\u017eky p\u0159i \u00faniku LPG. LPG se toti\u017e uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00a0kapaln\u00e9m stavu p\u0159i teplot\u011b – 40\u00b0C.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00fddejn\u00ed pistole na LPG
\n<\/strong><\/span>Podobn\u011b jako jsou v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch zem\u00edch r\u016fzn\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 z\u00e1suvky, jsou i <\/span>r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy koncovek u v\u00fddejn\u00edch pistol\u00ed na LPG. V\u00a0Evrop\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed celkem \u010dty\u0159i<\/strong> r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy LPG pln\u00edc\u00edch hrdel<\/strong>. V\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice, na Slovensku, v\u00a0Ma\u010farsku, Bulharsku, Rumunsku nebo v\u00a0It\u00e1lii se nejv\u00edce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 tzv. \u201eitalsk\u00fd – DISH<\/strong>\u201c typ koncovek. Dal\u0161\u00ed typy jsou \u201ebelgick\u00fd – ACME<\/strong>\u201c, \u201erusk\u00fd<\/strong>\u201c a \u201eholandsk\u00fd<\/strong>\u201c bajonet. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v N\u011bmecku se setk\u00e1te hned se t\u0159emi druhy koncovek. Motorista se v\u0161ak nemus\u00ed b\u00e1t, \u017ee by d\u00edky nekompatibilit\u011b koncovek nemohl sv\u00e9 auto naplnit, existuj\u00ed toti\u017e redukce. Na ka\u017ed\u00e9 solidn\u00ed pump\u011b si je m\u016f\u017eete vy\u017e\u00e1dat nebo p\u0159\u00edmo zakoupit, cena se pohybuje kolem 500,- K\u010d. Zde najdete bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed informace o jednotliv\u00fdch typech koncovek PDF.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Evropsk\u00e1 organizace LPG (AEGPL) se pokou\u0161\u00ed zav\u00e9st univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed evropsk\u00fd bajonet, tzv. Euroconector. D\u00edky t\u00e9to snaze jednou nep\u0159\u00edjemnosti s\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdmi p\u0159ipojen\u00edmi odpadnou.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\"\"<\/a>\"cs_lpg_005\"<\/a>\"cs_lpg_004\"<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pohon na LPG zhruba 200 tis\u00edc motorist\u016f<\/strong>, \u010demu\u017e odpov\u00edd\u00e1 i po\u010det \u010derpac\u00edch stanic. V\u00a0\u010cR jich je kolem 900, z\u00a0toho m\u00e1 polovina stanic NONSTOP provoz.<\/span><\/p>\n


\nFoto\/zdroj: <\/strong>www.schroeder-gas.de, www.lpg.cz
\nKl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova:<\/strong> palivo, LPG, zkapaln\u011bn\u00fd ropn\u00fd plyn, Liquefied Petroleum Gas, v\u0161e o LPG
\n<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

LPG je ozna\u010den\u00ed pro sm\u011bs topn\u00e9ho plynu propan-butan.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4891,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","rop_custom_images_group":[],"rop_custom_messages_group":[],"rop_publish_now":"initial","rop_publish_now_accounts":{"facebook_10217573569066608_119527941460186":"","twitter_308591058_308591058":""},"rop_publish_now_history":[],"rop_publish_now_status":"pending","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"two_page_speed":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,534,86,29,4],"tags":[728,730,201,729],"class_list":["post-2796","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezarazene","category-oznaceni","category-palivo-a-provozni-naplne","category-zkratky-a-pojmy","category-casti-automobilu","tag-lpg","tag-liquefied-petroleum-gas","tag-palivo","tag-zkapalneny-ropny-plyn"],"yoast_head":"\nLPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) - autolexicon.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/cs\/articles\/lpg-liquefied-petroleum-gas\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) - autolexicon.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"LPG je ozna\u010den\u00ed pro sm\u011bs topn\u00e9ho plynu propan-butan.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/cs\/articles\/lpg-liquefied-petroleum-gas\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"autolexicon.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/autolexicon.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-07-09T00:16:17+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2016-08-10T09:19:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/cs_lpg_002.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"400\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"400\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Ing. 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