{"id":2056,"date":"2016-08-11T00:03:30","date_gmt":"2016-08-11T00:03:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wordpress.autolexicon.net\/?p=2056"},"modified":"2024-07-03T13:12:06","modified_gmt":"2024-07-03T13:12:06","slug":"cng-compressed-natural-gas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/en\/articles\/cng-compressed-natural-gas\/","title":{"rendered":"CNG (Compressed Natural Gas)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/cs_cng_001.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-4889\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-4889\" title=\"CNG gas station logo\" src=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/cs_cng_001-250x250.jpg\" alt=\"CNG gas station logo\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/cs_cng_001-250x250.jpg 250w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/cs_cng_001-500x500.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/cs_cng_001.jpg 1184w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>The abbreviation CNG comes from the English <strong>C<\/strong>ompressed <strong>N<\/strong>atural <strong>G<\/strong>as, which translates to <strong>compressed natural gas<\/strong>. <a href=\"http:\/\/cs.autolexicon.net\/articles\/zemni-plyn\">Natural gas<\/a> is considered a cleaner and more ecological alternative to gasoline or diesel, as it contains about a quarter less carbon. For example, converting a diesel engine to CNG reduces emissions to the level of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/emisni-norma-euro\/\">Euro 5<\/a>. CNG is a fossil fuel, a mixture of hydrocarbons with methane as the main component (96 \u2013 98% by volume). <a href=\"http:\/\/cs.autolexicon.net\/articles\/zemni-plyn-2\/\">Natural gas<\/a> is obtained from natural sources or during oil extraction. Compared to oil, natural gas reserves are about twice as much. <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/cs.autolexicon.net\/articles\/zemni-plyn-2\/\">Natural gas<\/a> is divided into two categories based on quality: High<\/strong> (87-99% methane) and <strong>Low<\/strong> (80-87% methane). The higher the methane ratio, the higher the combustion efficiency. CNG is often incorrectly confused with <a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/lpg-liquefied-petroleum-gas\">LPG<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">The technology of burning <a href=\"http:\/\/cs.autolexicon.net\/articles\/zemni-plyn-2\/\">natural gas<\/a> is <strong>fully developed and tested<\/strong>. In 2015, there were more than 23 million vehicles worldwide with a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/zemni-plyn-2\/\">natural gas<\/a> drive. Special gas tanks and a modified injection system are required to use natural gas as an energy source for a motor vehicle. Gas can be used in compressed form (CNG) or even in liquefied form (<a href=\"http:\/\/cs.autolexicon.net\/articles\/lng-liquefied-natural-gas\/\">LNG<\/a>). However, CNG is currently the preferred form. <strong>A vehicle with a CNG drive usually has two separate tank systems.<\/strong> One smaller tank is for the original fuel (usually gasoline), and the second tank (pressure vessels) is for compressed <a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/zemni-plyn-2\/\">natural gas<\/a>. The gas in these tanks is compressed to a pressure of 20 \u2013 30 MPa. The vehicle automatically switches between the two fuels, and their ranges are added together.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>Advantages of CNG:<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">It is cheap<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">It has a high <a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/oktanove-cislo\/\">octane number<\/a> of 128<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>Reduces noise levels<\/strong> in operation by several decibels<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>Double reserves<\/strong> of natural gas compared to oil<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">The even distribution of deposits contributes to a more balanced economic market and simplifies gas distribution to users. Note that today <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/zemni-plyn-2\/\">natural gas<\/a> is transported by established gas pipelines<\/strong>, eliminating the need for complex, expensive, and environmentally unfriendly tanker transport.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">CNG has a higher ignition temperature compared to <a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/lpg-liquefied-petroleum-gas\">LPG<\/a>, <strong>reducing the risk of unintended ignition<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/zemni-plyn-2\/\">Natural gas<\/a> is lighter than air, so in the event of an accident or malfunction, it <strong>rises upward<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/zemni-plyn-2\/\">Natural gas<\/a> <strong>burns the cleanest among all hydrocarbon fuels<\/strong>. Emissions of nitrogen oxides are up to 60% lower than gasoline! <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">CNG vehicles are generally subject to minimal consumption tax in most countries and are exempt from road tax, which is most noticeable for large multi-axle vehicles<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>Disadvantages of CNG:<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">unlike <a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/lpg-liquefied-petroleum-gas\">LPG<\/a>, operating a vehicle on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/zemni-plyn-2\/\">natural gas<\/a> <strong>reduces engine performance, see the section below<\/strong>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>more expensive maintenance<\/strong> \u2013 Czech legislation requires annual leakage checks and system inspections for non-original conversions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">prescribed replacement of spark plugs every 15,000 km (for gasoline engines, it&#8217;s 60,000 km)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>reduction of luggage space<\/strong> due to the placement of the CNG tank. However, this disadvantage is more relevant to conversions. In original cars, designers try to place pressure tanks, for example, in the space of the spare wheel. The placement of heavy tanks <strong>also negatively affects the vehicle&#8217;s driving characteristics<\/strong>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">CNG pressure tanks must withstand higher pressure than <a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/lpg-liquefied-petroleum-gas\">LPG<\/a> pressure tanks.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">another frequently discussed disadvantage is the <strong>relatively small network of public refueling stations<\/strong>. This disadvantage is gradually disappearing with the growing network of these stations.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table class=\" aligncenter\" style=\"width: 95%; background-color: #d4d4d4; border-color: #d4d4d4;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\" width=\"614\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>&nbsp;CNG \u2013 reduction of engine performance<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Operating an engine on CNG reduces its performance. For optimal combustion, the engine needs more air in the case of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/zemni-plyn-2\/\">natural gas<\/a>. This necessary amount of air can be obtained ideally through supercharging, so it is possible to achieve the same performance using <a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/zemni-plyn-2\/\">natural gas<\/a> as with gasoline in supercharged units. However, the performance difference between gasoline and CNG is noticeable, as seen, for example, in Octavia 1.4TSI vs 1.4TSI <a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/g-tec\/\">G-TEC<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">In atmospheric engines, the performance drops by at least 10%, in practice, even more! To prevent such a drop, for example, in the \u0160koda Citigo <a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/g-tec\/\">G-TEC<\/a>, the engine received modified software (ignition advance, fuel map) and a larger <a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/kompresni-pomer\/\">compression ratio<\/a>. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">The branded conversion of the atmospheric engine \u0160koda Fabia 1.0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/mpi-multi-point-injection\/\">MPI<\/a> at Havex auto dealership for CNG combustion showed the following measured performance drop:<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-color: #808080;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 30%; background-color: #49bce3; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\" width=\"205\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>\u0160koda Fabia 1.0 MPI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 30%; background-color: #49bce3; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" width=\"205\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>performance<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 30%; background-color: #49bce3; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" width=\"205\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>torque<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"205\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">gasoline<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 205px; text-align: center;\" width=\"205\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">55.6 kW at 6278 rpm<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 205px; text-align: center;\" width=\"205\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">97.2 N.m at 3639 rpm<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"205\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">CNG<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 205px; text-align: center;\" width=\"205\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">41.1 kW at 5767 rpm<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 205px; text-align: center;\" width=\"205\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">82.7 N.m at 3564 rpm<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><em>source: Sv\u011btMotoru<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/cs_cng_005.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-5253\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-5253\" title=\"vehicle with CNG drive\" src=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/cs_cng_005-500x333.jpg\" alt=\"vehicle with CNG drive\" width=\"225\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/cs_cng_005-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/cs_cng_005-250x166.jpg 250w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/cs_cng_005.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><\/a>&nbsp; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/cs_cng_004.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-5251\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-5251\" title=\"filling neck of gasoline and CNG tank\" src=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/cs_cng_004-500x375.jpg\" alt=\"filling neck of gasoline and CNG tank\" width=\"200\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/cs_cng_004-500x375.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/cs_cng_004-250x187.jpg 250w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/cs_cng_004.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/a><\/strong><\/span>&nbsp; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/cs_cng_003.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-5252\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-5252\" title=\"vehicle with CNG drive\" src=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/cs_cng_003-500x333.jpg\" alt=\"vehicle with CNG drive\" width=\"225\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/cs_cng_003-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/cs_cng_003-250x166.jpg 250w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/cs_cng_003.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>According to the method of filling, refueling stations are divided into:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">fast refueling stations &#8211; refueling time is comparable to pumping liquid fuels (3 &#8211; 5 minutes).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">slow refueling stations &#8211; refueling with natural gas is done directly using a compressor, refueling usually takes several hours.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Did you know:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>What is the consumption of a CNG car and how is it specified?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Since CNG is a gas, consumption is most often specified in kilograms per 100 kilometers driven. Like with traditional fuels, consumption varies depending on many factors, including driving style. As an example, the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/g-tec\/\">\u0160koda Octavia G-Tec<\/a> can achieve a consumption of 3.4 kg (5.3 m<sup>3<\/sup>) of CNG per 100 km. In gasoline mode, the same car consumes about 5 liters per 100 km.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>How much energy is in CNG?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">In 1 kg of natural gas, there is as much energy as in, for example, 1.5 liters of gasoline or about 1.3 liters of diesel.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>CNG as an eco-friendly fuel<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">During the processing of natural gas, sulfur and nitrogen are removed. Compared to gasoline, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/zemni-plyn-2\/\">natural gas<\/a> has a quarter less carbon. For these reasons, CNG can be considered an eco-friendly fuel compared to diesel or gasoline, reducing the levels of <a href=\"http:\/\/cs.autolexicon.net\/articles\/emise-vyfukovych-plynu\">exhaust pollutants<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/cs.autolexicon.net\/articles\/oxid-uhlicity-co2\">CO<sub>2<\/sub><\/a> and NO<sub>x<\/sub> by 25% and CO levels by up to 50%.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>Parking with CNG in underground garages<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">In most European Union countries, <strong>vehicles with natural gas drive can park without restrictions<\/strong>, even in ventilated underground garages. This is a significant advantage over <a href=\"http:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/lpg-liquefied-petroleum-gas\/\">LPG<\/a> vehicles, which cannot park in underground garages (LPG is heavier than air and accumulates on the ground in case of a leak).<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CNG stands for compressed natural gas, which is used as a fuel for motor vehicles. The advantage of running on CNG is its cost and lower environmental burden.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4889,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","rop_custom_images_group":[],"rop_custom_messages_group":[],"rop_publish_now":"initial","rop_publish_now_accounts":{"facebook_10217573569066608_119527941460186":"","twitter_308591058_308591058":""},"rop_publish_now_history":[],"rop_publish_now_status":"pending","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"two_page_speed":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,86,29,4],"tags":[295,1413,296,82,201,297],"class_list":["post-2056","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezarazene","category-palivo-a-provozni-naplne","category-zkratky-a-pojmy","category-casti-automobilu","tag-cng","tag-co2","tag-alternativni-palivo","tag-emise","tag-palivo","tag-zemni-plyn"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) - autolexicon.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The abbreviation CNG stands for compressed natural gas, which is used as fuel for motor vehicles. 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