{"id":11524,"date":"2025-04-24T18:31:30","date_gmt":"2025-04-24T18:31:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/?p=11524"},"modified":"2025-06-04T12:22:25","modified_gmt":"2025-06-04T12:22:25","slug":"soh-state-of-health","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/sk\/articles\/soh-state-of-health\/","title":{"rendered":"SoH (State of Health)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">S rozvojom elektromobility sa \u010doraz \u010dastej\u0161ie diskutuje o skuto\u010dnej \u017eivotnosti bat\u00e9ri\u00ed v elektromobiloch. Jedn\u00fdm z k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch ukazovate\u013eov ich opotrebovania je tzv. <strong>zdravotn\u00fd stav bat\u00e9rie<\/strong>, ozna\u010dovan\u00fd ako <strong>SoH (State of Health)<\/strong>. Tento parameter sa zvy\u010dajne vyjadruje v percent\u00e1ch a ud\u00e1va, do akej miery si bat\u00e9ria zachovala svoju p\u00f4vodn\u00fa kapacitu a schopnos\u0165 dod\u00e1va\u0165 v\u00fdkon v porovnan\u00ed s p\u00f4vodn\u00fdm stavom, ke\u010f bola bat\u00e9ria nov\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Hodnota SoH umo\u017e\u0148uje pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom aj v\u00fdrobcom elektromobilov sledova\u0165 opotrebovanie bat\u00e9rie a rozhodova\u0165 o jej \u010fal\u0161om vyu\u017eit\u00ed alebo potrebe v\u00fdmeny. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 ide o d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd parameter pri rozhodovan\u00ed o k\u00fape jazden\u00e9ho elektromobilu. <strong>Hodnota SoH<\/strong><strong> m\u00e1 priamy vplyv na dojazd vozidla, \u010das nab\u00edjania aj celkov\u00fa \u017eivotnos\u0165 auta.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Defin\u00edcia SoH<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><strong>State of Health (SoH)<\/strong> je parameter uv\u00e1dzan\u00fd v percent\u00e1ch, ktor\u00fd <strong>opisuje opotrebovanie bat\u00e9rie (alebo jej \u010dl\u00e1nku)<\/strong>. SoH je zvy\u010dajne definovan\u00e9 ako pomer aktu\u00e1lnej kapacity bat\u00e9rie k jej p\u00f4vodnej menovitej kapacite. Ak aktu\u00e1lny stav bat\u00e9rie zodpoved\u00e1 katal\u00f3gov\u00fdm \u0161pecifik\u00e1ci\u00e1m novej bat\u00e9rie, potom SoH = 100 %.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___001.sk_.zdravotny_stav_baterie.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11530 size-large\" title=\"SoH (State of Health) - zdravotn\u00fd stav bat\u00e9rie\" src=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___001.sk_.zdravotny_stav_baterie-600x337.jpg\" alt=\"SoH (State of Health) - zdravotn\u00fd stav bat\u00e9rie\" width=\"600\" height=\"337\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___001.sk_.zdravotny_stav_baterie-600x337.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___001.sk_.zdravotny_stav_baterie-250x140.jpg 250w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___001.sk_.zdravotny_stav_baterie-178x100.jpg 178w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___001.sk_.zdravotny_stav_baterie-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___001.sk_.zdravotny_stav_baterie-1536x863.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___001.sk_.zdravotny_stav_baterie.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/> <\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___001.sk_.zdravotny_stav_baterie.jpg\">&nbsp;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Ak m\u00e1 bat\u00e9ria <strong>SoH = 80 %<\/strong>, znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee jej maxim\u00e1lna kapacita klesla na 80 % p\u00f4vodnej katal\u00f3govej kapacity. V praxi to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee aj ke\u010f bat\u00e9riu <strong>plne nabijete (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/soc-state-of-charge\/\">SoC = 100 %<\/a>)<\/strong>, jej vyu\u017eite\u013en\u00e1 kapacita bude iba <strong>80 % p\u00f4vodnej menovitej kapacity<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 nezamie\u0148a\u0165 si SoH so skratkou <a href=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/soc-state-of-charge\/\"><strong>SoC (State of Charge)<\/strong><\/a>. Zatia\u013e \u010do SoH popisuje <strong>dlhodob\u00e9 opotrebovanie bat\u00e9rie<\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/soc-state-of-charge\/\">SoC<\/a> vyjadruje <strong>aktu\u00e1lny stav nabitia<\/strong> \u2013 teda ko\u013eko energie je v danom okamihu v bat\u00e9rii ulo\u017een\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Konkr\u00e9tny pr\u00edklad v\u00fdpo\u010dtu SoH:<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">nov\u00e1 bat\u00e9ria m\u00e1 menovit\u00fa kapacitu 10 Ah<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">postupne vplyvom opotrebovania klesla jej kapacita na 8 Ah<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee aktu\u00e1lna kapacita teraz zodpoved\u00e1 80\u202f% p\u00f4vodnej hodnoty \u2192 <strong>SoH = 80\u202f%<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">in\u00fdmi slovami: aj ke\u010f bat\u00e9riu plne nabijete (SoC = 100\u202f%), bat\u00e9ria ulo\u017e\u00ed maxim\u00e1lne <strong>8 Ah<\/strong> namiesto p\u00f4vodn\u00fdch <strong>10 Ah<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 bola schopn\u00e1 poja\u0165 ako nov\u00e1<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___002.sk_.zdravotny_stav_baterie.jpg\">&nbsp;<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___002.sk_.zdravotny_stav_baterie.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-11534 size-large\" title=\"SoH (State of Health) - zdravotn\u00fd stav bat\u00e9rie\" src=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___002.sk_.zdravotny_stav_baterie-600x336.jpg\" alt=\"SoH (State of Health) - zdravotn\u00fd stav bat\u00e9rie\" width=\"600\" height=\"336\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___002.sk_.zdravotny_stav_baterie-600x336.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___002.sk_.zdravotny_stav_baterie-250x140.jpg 250w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___002.sk_.zdravotny_stav_baterie-179x100.jpg 179w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___002.sk_.zdravotny_stav_baterie-768x430.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___002.sk_.zdravotny_stav_baterie-1536x860.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/obr_clanky\/SoH___002.sk_.zdravotny_stav_baterie.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Pre\u010do hodnota SoH bat\u00e9rie \u010dasom kles\u00e1?<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Vplyvom opakovan\u00e9ho nab\u00edjania a vyb\u00edjania, r\u00f4znych teplotn\u00fdch podmienok, starnutia materi\u00e1lov a be\u017en\u00e9ho prev\u00e1dzkov\u00e9ho opotrebovania doch\u00e1dza postupne k degrad\u00e1cii bat\u00e9rie. T\u00e1 sa prejavuje najm\u00e4 poklesom kapacity, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm vn\u00fatorn\u00e9ho odporu a \u010fal\u0161\u00edmi zmenami ovplyv\u0148uj\u00facimi jej v\u00fdkon.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>Faktory ovplyv\u0148uj\u00face degrad\u00e1ciu bat\u00e9rie:<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Degrad\u00e1ciu bat\u00e9ri\u00ed ovplyv\u0148uje mno\u017estvo vonkaj\u0161\u00edch aj vn\u00fatorn\u00fdch faktorov, medzi ktor\u00e9 patria najm\u00e4:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>po\u010det nab\u00edjac\u00edch a vyb\u00edjac\u00edch cyklov<\/strong> \u2013 \u010d\u00edm viac cyklov, t\u00fdm v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie opotrebovanie<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>prev\u00e1dzkov\u00e9 teploty<\/strong> \u2013 extr\u00e9mne hor\u00fa\u010davy aj mrazy negat\u00edvne ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa \u017eivotnos\u0165 bat\u00e9rie<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>u\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00e9 spr\u00e1vanie<\/strong> \u2013 sp\u00f4sob nab\u00edjania a vyb\u00edjania, frekvencia pou\u017e\u00edvania, dlhodob\u00e9 udr\u017eiavanie bat\u00e9rie na n\u00edzkom alebo vysokom <a href=\"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/articles\/soc-state-of-charge\/\">SoC<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Pri <strong>elektromobiloch (EV)<\/strong> navy\u0161e vstupuj\u00fa do hry \u010fal\u0161ie \u0161pecifick\u00e9 faktory, ktor\u00e9 ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa pokles SoH:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>\u0161t\u00fdl jazdy<\/strong> \u2013 \u010dast\u00e9 prudk\u00e9 zr\u00fdch\u013eovanie a brzdenie za\u0165a\u017euje bat\u00e9riu<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>klimatick\u00e9 podmienky<\/strong> \u2013 teplotn\u00e9 extr\u00e9my alebo vlhk\u00e9 prostredie m\u00f4\u017eu ur\u00fdchli\u0165 degrad\u00e1ciu<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>dostupnos\u0165 a typ nab\u00edjacej infra\u0161trukt\u00fary<\/strong> \u2013 napr. \u010dast\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvanie r\u00fdchlonab\u00edja\u010diek m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k r\u00fdchlej\u0161iemu opotrebovaniu<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Meranie a hodnotenie SoH<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Zistenie hodnoty SoH konkr\u00e9tneho vozidla z\u00e1vis\u00ed od jeho typu a v\u00fdrobcu. SoH sa zvy\u010dajne vyhodnocuje pomocou <strong>syst\u00e9mu spr\u00e1vy bat\u00e9ri\u00ed (Battery Management System, BMS)<\/strong>. Tento syst\u00e9m analyzuje parametre bat\u00e9rie, ako s\u00fa:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>kapacita<\/strong> \u2013 aktu\u00e1lna vs. menovit\u00e1<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>vn\u00fatorn\u00fd odpor alebo impedancia<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>nap\u00e4tie<\/strong> pri r\u00f4znych stavoch nabitia<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>samonab\u00edjanie<\/strong> \u2013 schopnos\u0165 bat\u00e9rie udr\u017ea\u0165 n\u00e1boj<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>po\u010det nab\u00edjac\u00edch a vyb\u00edjac\u00edch cyklov<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>vek bat\u00e9rie<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>teplota pri pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Ka\u017ed\u00fd z t\u00fdchto parametrov m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 r\u00f4zne v\u00e1\u017een\u00fd a kombinovan\u00fd tak, aby poskytol celkov\u00fd obraz o stave bat\u00e9rie. Presn\u00fd algoritmus v\u00fdpo\u010dtu SoH je \u010dasto obchodn\u00fdm tajomstvom v\u00fdrobcu.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Prah SoH a jeho v\u00fdznam<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Prah SoH ozna\u010duje minim\u00e1lnu hodnotu, pri ktorej je bat\u00e9ria e\u0161te pova\u017eovan\u00e1 za vhodn\u00fa pre dan\u00fa aplik\u00e1ciu:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>elektrick\u00e9 vozidl\u00e1<\/strong>: Zvy\u010dajne je prah SoH nastaven\u00fd na 70\u201380 %. Pri poklese pod t\u00fato hodnotu je bat\u00e9ria pova\u017eovan\u00e1 za nevyhovuj\u00facu, preto\u017ee nedok\u00e1\u017ee stabilne dod\u00e1va\u0165 po\u017eadovan\u00fd v\u00fdkon.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><strong>kritick\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie<\/strong>: Napr\u00edklad v lek\u00e1rskych zariadeniach m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 minim\u00e1lny SoH nastaven\u00fd na 90 % alebo viac, preto\u017ee stabilita a spo\u013eahlivos\u0165 bat\u00e9rie je z\u00e1sadn\u00e1.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Ak SoH klesne pod stanoven\u00fd prah, bat\u00e9ria sa bu\u010f recykluje, alebo sa pou\u017eije pre menej n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie (napr\u00edklad skladovanie energie v dom\u00e1cnostiach).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SoH (State of Health) ozna\u010duje celkov\u00fd technick\u00fd stav bat\u00e9rie alebo jej \u010dl\u00e1nku. Vyjadruje pomer medzi aktu\u00e1lnou kapacitou a p\u00f4vodnou katal\u00f3govou kapacitou novej bat\u00e9rie. In\u00fdmi slovami, SoH ud\u00e1va mieru opotrebovania bat\u00e9rie. Tento ukazovate\u013e je k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fd napr\u00edklad pri posudzovan\u00ed stavu bat\u00e9rie v jazdenom elektromobile.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11559,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","rop_custom_images_group":[],"rop_custom_messages_group":[],"rop_publish_now":"initial","rop_publish_now_accounts":{"facebook_10217573569066608_119527941460186":"","twitter_308591058_308591058":""},"rop_publish_now_history":[],"rop_publish_now_status":"pending","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"two_page_speed":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,1473,50,678,29,4],"tags":[824,1409],"class_list":["post-11524","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezarazene","category-elektromobilita","category-elektrotechnika","category-pojmy","category-zkratky-a-pojmy","category-casti-automobilu","tag-baterie","tag-elektromobilita"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>SoH (State of Health) - autolexicon.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"SoH (State of Health) ozna\u010duje celkov\u00fd technick\u00fd stav baterie nebo jej\u00edho \u010dl\u00e1nku. 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