{"id":2382,"date":"2015-07-24T15:30:14","date_gmt":"2015-07-24T15:30:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wordpress.autolexicon.net\/?p=2382"},"modified":"2017-01-09T17:16:45","modified_gmt":"2017-01-09T17:16:45","slug":"euro-ncap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/sk\/articles\/euro-ncap\/","title":{"rendered":"Euro NCAP"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Organiz\u00e1cia Euro NCAP bola zalo\u017een\u00e1 v roku 1997, dnes s\u00eddli v Bruseli a zdru\u017euje z\u00e1stupcov ministerstiev dopravy kraj\u00edn E\u00da, automobilov\u00fdch asoci\u00e1ci\u00ed, pois\u0165ovn\u00ed a z\u00e1kazn\u00edckych organiz\u00e1ci\u00ed. <\/span>N\u00e1zov Euro NCAP vych\u00e1dza z anglick\u00e9ho European New Car Assessment Programme \u010di\u017ee Eur\u00f3psky program hodnotenia nov\u00fdch vozidiel. <\/span>Euro NCAP je ekvivalent podobn\u00fdch testov v Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch (IIHS<\/a>), Japonsku alebo Austr\u00e1lii. <\/span>Cie\u013eom konzorcia Euro NCAP je nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 hodnotenie pas\u00edvnej<\/a> i akt\u00edvnej<\/a> bezpe\u010dnosti automobilov v\u0161etk\u00fdch zna\u010diek. <\/span>V\u00fdsledky s\u00fa vyjadren\u00e9 pridelen\u00edm ur\u010dit\u00e9ho po\u010dtu hviezdi\u010diek. <\/span><\/strong>Po\u010det hviezdi\u010diek sa pohybuje od 0 (nevyhovuj\u00faci) po 5 (bezpe\u010dn\u00e9). <\/span>V\u00fdsledky testov s\u00fa vo\u013ene dostupn\u00e9 a spotrebite\u013e si tak m\u00f4\u017ee jednoducho zisti\u0165 na akej \u00farovni bezpe\u010dnosti je jeho vozidlo.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Po\u010das v\u00fdvoja nov\u00e9ho automobilu, e\u0161te pred uveden\u00edm na trh, mus\u00ed prejs\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00fd nov\u00fd model tzv. homologa\u010dn\u00fdmi testy<\/strong>. <\/span>V\u00fdsledky t\u00fdchto testov nie s\u00fa verejne pr\u00edstupn\u00e9 a navy\u0161e m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 pre ka\u017ed\u00fd trh trochu in\u00e9, preto v Eur\u00f3pe vznikol jednotn\u00fd test Euro NCAP. <\/span>V roku 1998 vy\u0161li prv\u00e9 testy jednotn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu hodnotenia Euro NCAP vykon\u00e1van\u00e9 za soum\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fdch podmienok. <\/span>Na chode t\u00fdchto sk\u00fa\u0161ok sa podie\u013eaj\u00fa aj ministerstv\u00e1 vl\u00e1d Nemecka, Franc\u00fazska, Holandska, \u0160v\u00e9dska a Ve\u013ekej Brit\u00e1nie. <\/span>In\u00fdmi strategick\u00fdmi partnermi s\u00fa Kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00fd automobilov\u00fd klub vo Ve\u013ekej Brit\u00e1nii, ADAC<\/a>, FIA<\/a> a \u010fal\u0161ie.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"cs_euro_ncap_001\"<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Nez\u00e1visl\u00e1 autorizovan\u00e1 slu\u017eba vykon\u00e1vaj\u00faca testy zak\u00fapi anonymne voz<\/strong>. <\/span>\u010c\u00edm je zaru\u010den\u00fd n\u00e1hodn\u00fd v\u00fdber vozidla a je vyl\u00fa\u010den\u00e9 ovplyvnenie zo strany automobilky. <\/span>Potom s\u00fa pozvan\u00ed z\u00e1stupcovia danej zna\u010dky, ktor\u00ed asistuj\u00fa pri pr\u00edprave vozidla na testy. <\/span>Samotnej sk\u00fa\u0161ky sa potom z\u00fa\u010dastnia ako pozorovatelia. <\/span>Sk\u00fa\u0161ka je vykonan\u00e1 iba raz.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nov\u00e9 vyhodnocovanie sk\u00fa\u0161ok EuroNCAP
\n<\/strong> V roku 2009 zaviedol Euro NCAP nov\u00e9 celkov\u00e9 hodnotenie bezpe\u010dnosti, ktor\u00e9 sa ur\u010duje na z\u00e1klade v\u00fdsledkov v \u0161tyroch hlavn\u00fdch oblastiach, ktor\u00fdmi s\u00fa: ochrana dospel\u00fdch cestuj\u00facich; <\/span>ochrana det\u00ed; <\/span>ochrana chodcov a ochrana asisten\u010dn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov. <\/span>Jednotliv\u00e9 oblasti sa podie\u013ea na celkovom hodnoten\u00ed r\u00f4znu percentu\u00e1lne v\u00e1hou. <\/span>Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak nem\u00f4\u017ee testovan\u00e9 auto v \u017eiadnej oblasti \u00faplne zlyha\u0165.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Napriek tomu je potrebn\u00e9 vn\u00edma\u0165 celkov\u00fd po\u010det hviezdi\u010diek sk\u00f4r ako mocn\u00fd marketingov\u00fd n\u00e1stroj, ktor\u00fd cel\u00fa situ\u00e1ciu ve\u013emi zjednodu\u0161uje<\/strong>. <\/span>Ako pr\u00edklad by mohol sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 test BMW X5 z roku 2003<\/a>, pri ktorom toto prest\u00ed\u017ene ve\u013ek\u00e9 SUV<\/a> najprv z\u00edskalo iba \u0161tyri hviezdi\u010dky. <\/span>Bez toho aby v\u00fdrobca urobil ak\u00e9ko\u013evek kon\u0161truk\u010dn\u00e9 zmeny, pri opakovan\u00ed teste z\u00edskalo BWM X5 u\u017e pln\u00fd po\u010det hviezdi\u010diek. <\/span>Ako je to mo\u017en\u00e9? <\/span>Do \u0161tandardnej v\u00fdbavy sa dostal pripom\u00edna\u010d nezapnut\u00fdch p\u00e1sov, ktor\u00fd priniesol potrebn\u00e9 bod\u00edky do celkov\u00e9ho hodnotenia. <\/span>Ak\u00fd mal tento prvok skuto\u010dn\u00fd pr\u00ednos pre re\u00e1lnu bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 a zisk piatich hviezd, nech nech si ka\u017ed\u00fd urob\u00ed s\u00e1m … My chce len pouk\u00e1za\u0165 na relat\u00edvnos\u0165 niektor\u00fdch v\u00fdsledkov.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ochrana dospel\u00fdch cestuj\u00facich:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n

t\u00e1to sk\u00fa\u0161ka sa vyhodnocuje na z\u00e1klade v\u00fdsledkov z \u0161iestich \u010diastkov\u00fdch sk\u00fa\u0161ok:<\/span><\/span>
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

– \u010diasto\u010dn\u00fd \u010deln\u00fd n\u00e1raz s do deformovate\u013enej bari\u00e9ry<\/a>
\n– pln\u00fd \u010deln\u00fd n\u00e1raz do nedeformovate\u013enej bari\u00e9ry<\/a>
\n– bo\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1raz<\/a>
\n– bo\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1raz do st\u013apa<\/a>
\n– test ochrany kr\u010dnej chrbtice<\/a>
\n– test bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\"cs_euro_ncap_003\"<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n


\nOchrana det\u00ed:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n

vyhodnotenie ochrany det\u00ed sa sklad\u00e1 z troch aspektov:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

– ochrana detsk\u00fdch pasa\u017eierov pri \u010delnom a bo\u010dnom n\u00e1raze
\n– schopnos\u0165 vozidla poja\u0165 detsk\u00e9 zadr\u017eiavacie syst\u00e9my r\u00f4znych ve\u013ekost\u00ed a preveden\u00ed
\n– overenie spr\u00e1vneho uchytenia detsk\u00fdch zadr\u017eiavac\u00edch syst\u00e9mov<\/span><\/span>
\n<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\"cs_euro_ncap_004\"<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\n\u00a0<\/span>
\nOchrana chodcov:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n

v\u00fdsledok sk\u00fa\u0161ky ochrany chodcov sa stanovuje na z\u00e1klade testov stretu chodca s prednou \u010das\u0165ou vozidla. <\/span><\/span>Je posudzovan\u00e9 potenci\u00e1lne riziko zranenia hlavy, panvy, hornej a dolnej \u010dasti nohy.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

– stret s hlavou
\n– stret s hornou \u010das\u0165ou doln\u00fdch kon\u010dat\u00edn
\n– stret s dolnou \u010das\u0165ou doln\u00fdch kon\u010dat\u00edn<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n

\"cs_euro_ncap_005\"<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\n<\/span>
\nAsisten\u010dn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n

v\u00fdsledok tejto sk\u00fa\u0161ky je stanoven\u00fd na z\u00e1klade testov najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edch asisten\u010dn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov, ktor\u00e9 podporuj\u00fa bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 riadenie. <\/span><\/span>V t\u00fdchto testoch sa overuje \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 a funk\u010dnos\u0165 akt\u00edvnych prvkov bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

– test elektronick\u00e9ho stabiliza\u010dn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu
\n– kontrola zapnutia bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch p\u00e1sov
\n– asistent r\u00fdchlostn\u00fdch limitov
\n– test automatick\u00e9ho n\u00fadzov\u00e9ho brzdenia
\n– asistent jazdy v jazdnom pruhu<\/span><\/td>\n

\"cs_euro_ncap_006\"<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n


\n<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Vyhodnotenie testu<\/strong>
\nCelkov\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky testov EuroNCAP s\u00fa vyjadren\u00e9 pomocou po\u010dtu hviezdi\u010diek, pri\u010dom maximum je 5 hviezdi\u010diek. <\/span>\u010c\u00edm viac hviezdi\u010diek automobil v teste z\u00edska, t\u00fdm je v celkovom poh\u013eade bezpe\u010dnej\u0161ie. <\/span>Hviezdi\u010dky sa pride\u013euj\u00fa pod\u013ea percent ochrany v \u0161tyroch spom\u00ednan\u00fdch z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch oblastiach, pozri pr\u00edkladn\u00fd test \u0160kody Superb tretej gener\u00e1cie z roku 2015.<\/span><\/span>
\n<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"cs_euro_ncap_002\"<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Pre podrobnej\u0161ie a u\u017e\u00edvate\u013esky ve\u013emi komfortn\u00e9 vyobrazenie \u010diastkov\u00fdch v\u00fdsledkov sa pou\u017e\u00edva grafika tiel pos\u00e1dky rozroben\u00e1 na jednotliv\u00e9 sektory. <\/span>Farba jednotliv\u00fdch \u010dast\u00ed potom ur\u010duje mieru mo\u017en\u00e9ho po\u0161kodenia tejto telesnej partie. <\/span><\/strong>Podobne sa symbolicky vyjadruje miera ochrany chodcov pri strete s vozidlom.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"cs_euro_ncap_007\"<\/a>\"cs_euro_ncap_008\"<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\"cs_euro_ncap_009\"<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Viete, \u017ee …
\n<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Testovacie figur\u00edny<\/strong>
\nPre vyhodnotenie v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iny testov sl\u00fa\u017ei figur\u00edny so senzormi zr\u00fdchlenia. V\u010faka t\u00fdmto<\/span> meran\u00edm mo\u017eno z\u00edska\u0165 objekt\u00edvny obraz o nam\u00e1hanie<\/span> tela pos\u00e1dky. V r\u00e1mci Euro<\/span> NCAP<\/span> sa pre \u010deln\u00fd n\u00e1raz pou\u017e\u00edva<\/span> figur\u00edna<\/span> Hybrid<\/span> III<\/span> a pre<\/span> bo\u010dn\u00fd<\/span> n\u00e1raz<\/span> figur\u00edna<\/span> Eurosid I.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kon\u0161trukcia a hmotnos\u0165 automobilu zohr\u00e1vaj\u00fa<\/span> hlavn\u00fa \u00falohu<\/span>!<\/span>
\n<\/span><\/strong>Hviezdi\u010dky v\u0161ak <\/span>nemaj\u00fa ani<\/span> nem\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165<\/span> stopercentn\u00fd<\/span> vypovedaciu<\/span> hodnotu o<\/span> bezpe\u010dnosti jednotliv\u00fdch vozidiel. V nasleduj\u00facom<\/span> videu je zachyten\u00fd crashtest ve\u013ek\u00e9ho a hmotn\u00e9ho<\/a> SUV<\/a> Audi Q7<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 z\u00edskalo<\/span> “oby\u010dajn\u00e9” \u0161tyri hviezdi\u010dky, a mal\u00e9ho mestsk\u00e9ho<\/span> vozidla Fiat 500<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd bol papierovo<\/span> silnej\u0161\u00edm s\u00faperom s piatimi hviezdami na<\/span> konte<\/span>.<\/span> Hviezdi\u010dky<\/span> v\u0161ak fyziku nakoniec neo\u0161\u00e1lily<\/span>. V ktorom<\/span> vozidle by ste chceli sedie\u0165 Vy?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n