{"id":619,"date":"2023-09-24T13:29:55","date_gmt":"2023-09-24T13:29:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wordpress.autolexicon.net\/?p=619"},"modified":"2024-07-03T12:20:35","modified_gmt":"2024-07-03T12:20:35","slug":"abs-anti-lock-braking-system","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.autolexicon.net\/sk\/articles\/abs-anti-lock-braking-system\/","title":{"rendered":"ABS (Anti-lock Braking System)"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Protiblokovac\u00ed brzdov\u00fd syst\u00e9m ABS (z anglick\u00e9ho A<\/strong>nti-lock B<\/strong>raking S<\/strong>ystem) je jedn\u00fdm zo z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch prvkov akt\u00edvnej bezpe\u010dnosti<\/a> vozidla. ABS zabra\u0148uje zablokovaniu kolies pri prudkom brzden\u00ed alebo pri brzden\u00ed na klzkom povrchu. Koles\u00e1 vozidla vybaven\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mom ABS sa aj pri n\u00fadzovom brzden\u00ed odklopia. V d\u00f4sledku toho nedoch\u00e1dza k strate pri\u013enavosti medzi kolesami a vozovkou, tak\u017ee vozidlo zost\u00e1va ovl\u00e1date\u013en\u00e9.<\/strong> Majte na pam\u00e4ti, \u017ee zablokovan\u00e9 koles\u00e1 nepren\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa \u017eiadnu bo\u010dn\u00fa silu, viac inform\u00e1ci\u00ed o ovl\u00e1date\u013enosti n\u00e1jdete v \u010dl\u00e1nku Kammova kru\u017enica<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"vyh\u00fdbac\u00ed<\/a>   <\/a>\"vyh\u00fdbac\u00ed<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Princ\u00edp funkcie ABS:<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Syst\u00e9m ABS zabra\u0148uje zablokovaniu kolies pri brzden\u00ed t\u00fdm, \u017ee automaticky reguluje brzdn\u00fa silu na ka\u017edom kolese<\/strong>, aby nedo\u0161lo k ich zablokovaniu. Ak by sa toti\u017e koleso zablokovalo, do\u0161lo by k strate adh\u00e9zie<\/strong> medzi pneumatikou a vozovkou, \u010do je pre jazdu nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd stav. V takom pr\u00edpade m\u00f4\u017ee d\u00f4js\u0165 k \u0161myku alebo k nezvl\u00e1dnutiu vozidla! In\u00fdmi slovami, ak by predn\u00e9 koles\u00e1 stratili pri\u013enavos\u0165, vozidlo by prestalo reagova\u0165 na pohyby volantu, a ak by zadn\u00e9 koles\u00e1 stratili pri\u013enavos\u0165, mohlo by d\u00f4js\u0165 k ve\u013emi nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9mu \u0161myku zadnej n\u00e1pravy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zjednodu\u0161me si, ako syst\u00e9m ABS vlastne funguje. Jednotka ABS sa nach\u00e1dza medzi hlavn\u00fdm brzdov\u00fdm valcom a brzdov\u00fdmi trubicami ved\u00facimi k jednotliv\u00fdm brzdov\u00fdm strme\u0148om (brzdov\u00fdm rotorom). Ak riadiaca jednotka dostane sign\u00e1l, \u017ee koleso je zablokovan\u00e9, na kr\u00e1tky \u010das zn\u00ed\u017ei tlak v jeho brzdovom potrub\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm sa koleso vr\u00e1ti do ot\u00e1\u010dok.<\/strong> Najnov\u0161ia gener\u00e1cia ABS dok\u00e1\u017ee takto reagova\u0165 a\u017e 40-kr\u00e1t za sekundu, \u010d\u00edm zabezpe\u010duje takmer plynul\u00e9 ot\u00e1\u010danie kolies, a t\u00fdm aj dobr\u00e9 ovl\u00e1danie vozidla. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 sa brzdn\u00e1 sila udr\u017eiava na maxim\u00e1lnej mo\u017enej \u00farovni, t. j. na hranici adh\u00e9zie.<\/span><\/p>\nngg_shortcode_1_placeholder\n

Sch\u00e9ma zapojenia ABS je zn\u00e1zornen\u00e9 na nasleduj\u00facom obr\u00e1zku. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 koleso je vybaven\u00e9 magnetick\u00fdm alebo induk\u010dn\u00fdm sn\u00edma\u010dom ot\u00e1\u010dok<\/strong> (\u017elt\u00fd sn\u00edma\u010d na dolnom obr\u00e1zku) a impulzn\u00fdm kolieskom<\/strong> (siv\u00fd perforovan\u00fd kot\u00fa\u010d). Pomocou sn\u00edma\u010dov r\u00fdchlosti riadiaca jednotka<\/a> zis\u0165uje pohyb (ot\u00e1\u010danie) ka\u017ed\u00e9ho kolesa. Riadiaca jednotka<\/a> (siv\u00fd r\u00e1m\u010dek) vyhodnocuje situ\u00e1ciu a pomocou regula\u010dn\u00e9ho ventilu<\/strong> (hned\u00fd komponent na hornom obr\u00e1zku) v pr\u00edpade potreby zni\u017euje tlak v brzdovom syst\u00e9me, aby sa zablokovan\u00e9 koleso op\u00e4\u0165 dalo do pohybu. T\u00fdmto sp\u00f4sobom syst\u00e9m ABS zasahuje nieko\u013ekokr\u00e1t za sekundu po\u010das celej doby brzdenia nez\u00e1visle od sily p\u00f4sobiacej na ped\u00e1l. Ke\u010f vozidlo spomal\u00ed<\/a> na minim\u00e1lnu r\u00fdchlos\u0165 pribli\u017ene 4 km\/h, syst\u00e9m ABS sa automaticky deaktivuje, aby umo\u017enil \u00fapln\u00e9 zastavenie vozidla, ke\u010f sa koles\u00e1 v skuto\u010dnosti neot\u00e1\u010daj\u00fa.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/a>\"z\u00e1kladn\u00e9<\/a><\/p>\n

z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 \u010dasti syst\u00e9mu ABS<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Video:<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n